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Clinical Pediatrics
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Correlation Between Hospitalization for Pharmaceutical Ingestion and Attention Deficit Disorder in Children Aged 5 to 9 Years Old

Selena Hariharan, MD

Division of Emergency Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, Division of Emergency Medicine and Department of Pediatrics (current affiliation), Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, selena.hariharan{at}chkd.org

Wendy Pomerantz, MD, MS, FAAP

Division of Emergency Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio

To determine if attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a risk factor for pharmaceutical ingestions leading to hospital admission in children between ages 5 and 9, a retrospective, case-controlled chart review was conducted at a children's hospital. Cases were children aged 5 to 9 admitted for oral ingestion of pharmaceuticals. Controls were children admitted during the same time period with abdominal pain, appendicitis, or gastroenteritis. Controls were matched to cases 3:1 by age and gender. An odds ratio was calculated to determine if attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a statistically significant risk factor for hospitalization after pharmaceutical ingestion. A total of 36% of 31 identified cases had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder compared with 7% of controls. The odds ratio for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children hospitalized after pharmaceutical ingestion was 7.97 (95% confidence interval, 2.35-28.01; P < .01). Children hospitalized for pharmaceutical ingestion are nearly 8 times more likely to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder than children hospitalized for an unrelated disorder.

Key Words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder • ingestion • anticipatory guidance

This version was published on February 1, 2008

Clinical Pediatrics, Vol. 47, No. 1, 15-20 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0009922807304228
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