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Epidemiologic, Socioeconomic, and Clinical Factors Associated with Severity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Previously Healthy Infants

Department of Pediatrics, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv; Immunology/Allergy Unit, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8

Guy Tal, MD

Department of Pediatrics, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv

Eli Gilad, MD

Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv

Avigdor Mandelberg, MD

Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv

Asher Tal, MD

Department of Pediatrics B, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beev-Sheva, Israel.

Ilan Dalal, MD

Department of Pediatrics, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv; Pediatric Clinical Immunology/Infectious Disease Unit, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv

We prospectively quantified disease severity associated with epidemiologic and socioeconomic parameters as well as the clinical factors in 195 previously healthy infants with confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Infants were enrolled into three subgroups according to disease severity: outpatients (82 patients), inpatients (100 patients), and intensive care unit patients (13 patients). Epidemiologic parameters such as gestational age, birth weight, chronologic age at presentation, and gender as well as socioeconomic factors such as ethnic origin, family history of asthma, exposure to cigarette smoke, number of family members, presence of pets at home, breast-feeding, and day-care attendance were not found to predict the severity of RSV illness in previously healthy infants. Our results emphasize the complexity of predicting disease severity in previously healthy infants with RSV infection and suggest that other parameters such as host genetic background might explain the clinical variability.

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