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Influence of Breast-feeding and Parental Intelligence on Cognitive Development in the 24-Month-Old Child

Departamento de Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain

Ramón Cañete, MD

Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain

Inmaculada Rodero, MD

Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Ciudad Real, Unidad de Investigación del Área de Ciudad Real, Spain

J. Enrique Baeza, MD

Gerencia de Atención Primaria Puertollano, Spain

J. Antonio González, MD

Equipo de Atención Primaria de Ciudad Real I, Spain

This study was designed to analyze the relationship between breast-feeding and mental development at 24 months of age, independently of the influence of other factors. A total of 238 babies born between October 1995 and February 1998 were enrolled in an observational prospective cohort study. Cognitive development was assessed using the Bayley Infant Development Scale. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that infants breast-fed for longer than 4 months scored 4.3 points higher on the mental development scale than those breast-fed for less time. No differences were found in psychomotor development as a function of feeding regimen or duration. The positive linear correlation observed between parental IQ and mental development scores at 24 months was also statistically significant (mother: r = 0.39; p < 0.001; father: r = 0.43; p < 0.001). It may be concluded that breast-feeding for longer than 4 months has a positive effect on the child’s mental development at 24 months of age. Parental intelligence also appears to influence cognitive development.

Clinical Pediatrics, Vol. 43, No. 8, 753-761 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/000992280404300811


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