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Snoring in Preschoolers: Associations with Sleepiness, Ethnicity, and Learning

V. Faye Jones, MD, MSPH

Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky

Victoria J. Molfese, PhD

Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Departments of Education, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky

David Gozal, MD

Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics, 570 South Preston Street, Suite 321; Louisville, Kentucky 40202

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is associated with poor school performance, with minority children being at increased risk for both conditions. The latter have been attributable to low socio-economic status (SES). To further study these relationships, the contribution of SES to SDB and learning was examined in 1,010 validated questionnaires collected from parents of both white and African-Arnerican low-SES preschoolers. Twenty-two percent of disadvantaged preschoolers were reported to be at risk for SDB. These children were more likely to be African American, and had a higher incidence of daytime sleepiness, lower academic performance, and hyperactivity. Maternal education level did not account for these differences.

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