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Spontaneous-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in a Toddler with Review of Mechanisms and Etiologies

Stephen E. Cyran, MD

Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Penn State Geisinger Health System, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania

Atrial fibrillation is a relatively rare form of arrhythmia in the pediatric population. When it is seen in an infant or child, it is often associated with a structural heart abnormality, particularly after surgical repair or palliation of congenital heart disease. Other episodes may be associated with metabolic derangements. This report discusses the unique case of a toddler with newonset atrial fibrillation that was devoid of a readily identifiable etiology. It also reviews the literature and the implications of such a case for the primary care practitioner.

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