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Clinical Pediatrics, Vol. 33, No. 3, 142-146 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/000992289403300303

Problems With Serum IgM as a Screening Test for Congenital Infection

Barbara E. Mahon

The Pediatric Residency Program, University of California

Eileen Gayle Yamada

School of Medicine, University of California

Thomas B. Newman

Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of the total serum IgM level as a screening test for congenital infection in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic infants. A retrospective medical record review was performed on 168 infants in whom the serum IgM was measured as a screen for congenital infection. The indications for testing, the yield of testing, and the adequacy of follow-up of abnormal values were examined. Only one infant was diagnosed with a congenital infection which was not specifically suspected prior to screening; this was a case of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV). Inappropriate screening was frequently performed in infants in whom indications for specific evaluation were present. Appropriate follow-up testing was performed in only 30% (seven of 23) of the infants with elevated serum IgM who received their pediatric care at our institution. Because of the low yield (<1%) and lack of follow-up shown in this study, as well as poor sensitivity, serum IgM was not a useful screening test for congenital infection in our institution.


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