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Clinical Pediatrics, Vol. 28, No. 11, 509-514 (1989)
DOI: 10.1177/000992288902801104

Children with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis at School

Functional Problems, Participation in Physical Education

Rosanne Whitehouse

University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0201

Jean T. Shope

University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0201

Donita B. Sullivan

University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0201

Chen-Lin Kulik

University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0201

Parents of 135 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) completed a mailed questionnaire about problems at school. Writing was the most frequently reported difficulty, with hand involvement causing more problems than decreased mobility. Compared to children with pauciarticular JRA, those with polyarticular or systemic JRA were significantly more likely to miss school, experience problems, participate less in physical education, have an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) developed, and receive related services.

Only 39 parents had heard of PL 94-142, and only 21 of those could define the federal law. Twenty children had an IEP within the previous two years. Possible deficiencies in the implementation of PL 94-142 were discovered.

This study demonstrates that the treatment of children with JRA should include efforts to: 1) identify and remediate potential performance limitations before they become problematic at school; 2) communicate this information to parents and school personnel; 3) and improve parents' awareness and understanding of PL 94-142.


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