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Clinical Pediatrics, Vol. 23, No. 6, 338-341 (1984)
DOI: 10.1177/000992288402300608

Emergence of Beta -lactamase-prod uci n g Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria in the Oropharynx of Children Following Penicillin Chemotherapy

Itzhak Brook

Naval Medical Research Institute, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814

Alan E. Gober

The acquisition of beta-lactamase-producing aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was investigated in 21 children treated with penicillin for otitis media or pharyngitis and in 18 untreated control children. Beta-lactamase-producers were isolated in three children before and in ten children after treatment (p = 0.04). Although the variety of bacterial species isolated did not change following treatment, beta-lactamase-producing Bacteroides melaninogenicus, B. orulis, and Branhamella ca tarrhalis were encountered only after therapy, while some beta-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus and Hemophilus influenzae were found before treatment. The incidence of beta-lactamase- producers did not increase in the control children. Spread of beta-lactamase-producers to household contacts by 12 treated and 13 normal control children also was studied. Ten of the treated children and 15 of 33 of the household contacts harbored beta-lactamase-producers, while none were found in normal control children and only two were found in 27 of their household contacts (comparison of the two household contacts, p < 0.01).


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